Na o kile wa eketsa Aluminium Sulphate ka tankeng ya hao ya kalafo, o lebeletse metsi a hlwekileng jwalo ka kristale, mme wa shebella pH e theoha ha metsi a ntse a le maru a sa kgaotseng? Ha o mong. Kalafong ya metsi, Alum ke setsi se matla, empa hape ke ntho e sa tlwaelehang haeba o sa laole tikoloho.
Ha aluminium sulphate e arabela le metsi, ha e "qhibilihe" feela—e baka karabelo e rarahaneng, e fetohang ea lik'hemik'hale e fetolang k'hemistri ea metsi ka metsotsoana. Haeba mocheso, alkalinity, kapa tekanyo e le tlase hanyane, ts'ebetso ea hau ea ho hoama e tla hloleha, e u jelle nako le chelete.
Tataisong ena, re tla arola k'hemistri e nepahetseng ka morao ho karabelo ea aluminium sulphate le metsi, re hlalose hore na ke hobane'ng ha pH ea hau e itšoara ka tsela eo e sebetsang ka eona, 'me re u bontše mokhoa oa ho tseba karabelo bakeng sa katleho e kholo ea mohlape.
Kakaretso ea Aluminium Sulfate
Sulfate ea aluminium, e emeloang ka lik'hemik'hale e le Al2(SO4)3, ke kristale e tšoeu e tiileng e sebelisoang hangata lits'ebetsong tsa kalafo ea metsi. Ha aluminium sulfate e arabela le metsi, e feta hydrolysis, e leng karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale eo ho eona limolek'hule tsa metsi li arolang motsoako ho li-ion tsa oona. Karabelo ena e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng, haholo-holo tlhoekisong ea metsi.
Aluminium sulfate: Karabelo ea Hydrolysis le Boitšoaro ba Lik'hemik'hale
Ha e kopana le metsi, aluminium sulfate e arohana ho ba li-ion tsa aluminium (Al³⁺) le li-ion tsa sulfate (SO₄²⁻). Li-ion tsa aluminium ebe li arabela haholoanyane le limolek'hule tsa metsi ka hydrolysis, li etsa letoto la mefuta ea aluminium hydroxide. Ts'ebetso ena e ka nolofatsoa ka tsela ena:
Al3++ 3H2O → Al(OH)3↓ + 3H+
Sephetho ke ho thehoa ha amorphous aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)₃), e leng gelatinous precipitate, hammoho le ho lokolloa ha li-ion tsa hydrogen (H⁺), tse tlatsetsang keketsehong ea asiti ka har'a tharollo.
Karolo ea Aluminium Hydroxide
Aluminium hydroxide e bopilweng nakong ya hydrolysis e sebetsa hantle haholo e le coagulant. Ka lebaka la sebaka sa yona se seholo sa bokahodimo le tjhaja e ntle, e thibela dikarolwana tse nang le tjhaja e mpe tse kang:
- Letsopa le seretse
- Lintho tse phelang
- Likokoana-hloko
Ha dikarolwana tsena di lahlehelwa ke botsitso ba tsona, di qala ho kopana ho ba dihlopha tse kgolo, tse tsejwang ka hore ke di-floc. Tshebetso ena e bohlokwa bakeng sa:
- Ho kopana ha mahlaku – ho sitisa dikarolwana tse leketlileng ho tsitsisa
- Ho phaphamala ha metsi – ho etsa dikarolwana tse kgolo, tse ka rarollehang
Di-floc tsena di ka tloswa habonolo ka ho senyeha kapa ho sefa, e leng se fellang ka metsi a hlakileng le a hlwekileng.
Tšusumetso ea Aluminium Sulfate ho pH le Alkalinity
Karolo ea bohlokoa ea aluminium sulfate hydrolysis ke ho lokolloa ha li-ion tsa hydrogen, tse fokotsang pH ea metsi le ho fokotsa alkalinity. Sena se bolela:
- Metsi a fetoha aside e eketsehileng
- Bokhoni ba ho boloka li-buffer (alkalinity) boa fokotseha
Ditsamaisong tse nang le alkalinity e tlase—jwalo ka matamo a ho sesa kapa mehlodi e itseng ya metsi a tala—sena se ka ama katleho ya kalafo hampe. Ho boloka maemo a matle, alkalinity hangata e lokiswa ka ho eketsa metsoako e kang sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃).
Ho boloka maemo a pH a nepahetseng (hangata a ka bang 6.0–7.5 bakeng sa ho kopana) ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea li-coagulant tse thehiloeng ho aluminium.
Aluminium Sulfate Litšebelisong tsa Phekolo ea Metsi
Karabelo pakeng tsa aluminium sulfate le metsi ke ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tsa kalafo ea metsi tsa masepala le tsa indasteri. E sebelisoa haholo ho:
- Ho hlwekisa metsi a nooang
- Kalafo ea metsi a litšila
- Tlhakiso ea metsi a letamo la ho sesa
Bokgoni ba yona, ho boloka ditjeo, le bonolo ba ho e sebedisa di etsa hore e be e nngwe ya di-coagulant tse sebediswang haholo lefatsheng ka bophara.
Mehopolo ea Tikoloho
Leha aluminium sulfate e sebetsa hantle haholo, tšebeliso ea eona e lokela ho laoloa ka hloko. Aluminium e setseng e ngata metsing a hloekisitsoeng e ka baka mathata a tikoloho le a taolo. Ka hona:
- Tekanyo e nepahetseng ea hlokahala
- Tlhokomelo e tsoelang pele ea hlokahala
- Ho lokela ho netefatsoa hore ho latela maemo a boleng ba metsi sebakeng seo
Tsamaiso e nepahetseng e netefatsa katleho e phahameng ea kalafo le polokeho ea tikoloho.
Ha aluminium sulfate e arabela le metsi, e feta hydrolysis ho etsa aluminium hydroxide le hydrogen ions. Aluminium hydroxide e hlahang e sebetsa e le coagulant e matla, e nolofalletsang ho tlosa litšila tse emisitsoeng ka ho kopanya le ho phaphamala.
Ka taolo e nepahetseng ea pH, tekanyo le tlhokomelo, aluminium sulfate e ntse e le tharollo e tšepahalang le e sebetsang hantle bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa sejoale-joale tsa kalafo ea metsi.
Nako ea poso: Hlakubele-05-2024
